Diabetes affects the body slowly and often without early warning. Over time, high blood sugar can damage major organs and body systems, leading to serious complications.
Heart and Blood Vessels
Increases the risk of heart attack, stroke, high blood pressure, and poor circulation, especially in the legs.
Nerves
Can cause numbness, tingling, pain, or weakness—most often in the hands and feet—and may affect digestion.
Kidneys
May lead to chronic kidney disease and, in severe cases, kidney failure requiring dialysis or transplant.
Eyes
Can damage the retina, causing blurred vision, glaucoma, cataracts, or blindness.
Feet
Poor blood flow and nerve damage can cause ulcers and infections, which may lead to amputation if untreated.
Skin and Mouth
Raises the risk of skin infections, slow-healing wounds, and gum disease.
Bones and Brain
Linked to osteoporosis, and long-term poor control may increase the risk of dementia or Alzheimer’s disease.
Good control of blood sugar, healthy eating, regular exercise, and routine medical care can help prevent or delay these complications.
Source: American Heart Association.